Dragon curve¶

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Dragon curve example from the L-systems topic notebook in examples/topics/geometry.

Most examples work across multiple plotting backends, this example is also available for:

Bokeh - dragon_curve

In [1]:

import numpy as np
import holoviews as hv
from holoviews import opts

hv.extension('matplotlib')

L-system definition¶

The following class is a simplified version of the approach used in the L-systems notebook, made specifically for plotting the Dragon Curve.

In [2]:

class DragonCurve(object):
    "L-system agent that follows rules to generate the Dragon Curve"
    
    initial ='FX'
    productions = {'X':'X+YF+', 'Y':'-FX-Y'}
    dragon_rules = {'F': lambda t,d,a: t.forward(d),
                    'B': lambda t,d,a: t.back(d),
                    '+': lambda t,d,a: t.rotate(-a),
                    '-': lambda t,d,a: t.rotate(a),
                    'X':lambda t,d,a: None,
                    'Y':lambda t,d,a: None }
    
    def __init__(self, x=0,y=0, iterations=1):
        self.heading = 0
        self.distance = 5
        self.angle = 90
        self.x, self.y = x,y
        self.trace = [(self.x, self.y)]
        self.process(self.expand(iterations), self.distance, self.angle)
        
    def process(self, instructions, distance, angle):
        for i in instructions:          
            self.dragon_rules[i](self, distance, angle)
        
    def expand(self, iterations):
        "Expand an initial symbol with the given production rules"
        expansion = self.initial
        
        for i in range(iterations):
            intermediate = ""
            for ch in expansion:
                intermediate = intermediate + self.productions.get(ch,ch)
            expansion = intermediate
        return expansion

    def forward(self, distance):
        self.x += np.cos(2*np.pi * self.heading/360.0)
        self.y += np.sin(2*np.pi * self.heading/360.0)
        self.trace.append((self.x,self.y))
    
    def rotate(self, angle):
        self.heading += angle
        
    def back(self, distance):
        self.heading += 180
        self.forward(distance)
        self.heading += 180
        
    @property
    def path(self):
        return hv.Path([self.trace])

Plot¶

In [3]:

hmap = hv.HoloMap({i: DragonCurve(-200, 0, i).path for i in range(7,17)}, kdims='Iteration')

hmap.opts(
    opts.Path(color='black', linewidth=1, fig_size=200, xaxis=None, yaxis=None,
              padding=0.1, title='', framewise=True))

Out[3]:

Download this notebook from GitHub (right-click to download).